Digital signatures, in plain language
Short articles for people who never asked to become experts. Grade-5 English, and हिन्दी where it matters most.
Why a digital signature is not a picture of your name
Two things share the word "signature" and almost nothing else. If you only learn one idea from this site, make it this one.
Everything else we have written
The maths checks out and the file has not changed, but nobody official is vouching for who signed it. Here is what that means and what to do next.
A certificate can be cancelled before it expires. Sometimes VeriPatra cannot find out whether that happened. Here is what the gap means and how to close it.
One edited line is enough. What VeriPatra means by "changed after signing", why some later additions are allowed, and what to do when you see it.
A digital signature lives inside the PDF file, not on the page you can see. Photograph the page and the signature stays behind. Here is what to ask for instead.
Scam offer letters now arrive as polished PDFs, some with a real-looking signature. Five checks to run before you share documents or send any money.
A scanned pen signature proves almost nothing on a PDF. Here is what it actually tells you, and what it does not.
Five things a genuine government PDF usually carries that a forged one does not — and the two-minute check that settles it.